There are 130 species of mammals in Sri Lanka, composed of 92 indigenous species (16 of them are endemic), 12 introduced species and 26 species of marine mammals. Mammals of Sri Lanka greatly targeted by illegal hunting and poaching. Also considerable level of road kills is another threat for them. Most of the large mammals are confined to the dry zone and elephant- Elephas maximus maximus (flag species of Sri Lanka) and leopard (Panthera pardus kotiya) are the most enthusiastic Sri Lankan mammals. The human- elephant conflict is a reputed problem faced by the Sri Lankans. Conflict between Primates (Endemic Macaques) and Non-Human Primates is increasing day-by-day throughout the island.